In this article we will demonstrate how you can use a Pass-through query in Access with VBA code to create SQL Azure Logins. Microsoft Access can then use the Login and Password to gain access to SQL Azure Tables, Views, and Stored Procedures. We will create a Login using SQL in Access similar to the following Transact-SQL (T-SQL):
CREATE LOGIN MyLoginName WITH password = ‘zX/w3-q7jU’
Thankfully, a user would never have to memorize that password! Because this Login and password would only be used by my Access application the user never sees it and does not even know it exists.
There are several steps involved in creating a Login and Password for SQL Azure. And although most T-SQL that is used in SQL Azure is exactly the same as that used with SQL Server there are some critical differences which we will address in the following steps.
1) Create a Strong Password that Meets the Requirements of the Password Policy.
It is very important to use Strong Passwords because the extra security is needed since we cannot use Windows Authentication with SQL Azure. Passwords must be at least 8 characters long and contain at least one number or special character such as -/~^&.
2) Use Characters That Do Not Conflict With ODBC Connection Strings.
To avoid errors we should not use these ODBC connection string characters []{}(),;?*!@ in our Login Name and Password.
3) Build a Transact-SQL Statement Which Will Create the Login.
We will use the T-SQL CREATE LOGIN statement in a Pass-through query to create the Login. Since Pass-through queries “pass” the SQL unaltered to SQL Azure most of the time the SQL is just like what we would in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and as seen here:
CREATE LOGIN MyLoginName WITH password = ‘zX/w3-q7jU’
Another requirement of the CREATE LOGIN statement is that it must be the only statement in a SQL batch. So we are only going to create one Login at a time.
4) Ensure the Login and Password Are Created In the master Database.
This is required because “USE master” does not work in SQL Azure as it does with SQL Server because the USE statement is not supported in SQL Azure. But with Access we can create the Login in the master database by specifying the master database in our Connection String: “DATABASE=master;”. We use a Function like the one below to get the Connection String with an obfuscated name to keep it more secure.
Public Function obfuscatedFunctionName() As String
obfuscatedFunctionName = "ODBC;" _
& "DRIVER={SQL Server Native Client 10.0};" _
& "SERVER=tcp:MyServerName.database.windows.net,1433;" _
& "UID=MyUserName@MyServerName;" _
& "PWD=MyPassword;" _
& "DATABASE=master;" _
& "Encrypt=Yes"
End Function
See my article Building Safer SQL Azure Cloud Applications with Microsoft Access for more information about securing your Access application.
5) Create a Function to Execute the SQL and Create the Login.
Place the ExecuteMasterDBSQL Function below in a Standard Module. This Function executes our CREATE LOGIN statement. It can be used any time you want to execute a T-SQL statement in the SQL Azure master database that does not return records. The Function returns True if the SQL was executed successfully or False if the SQL fails to be executed.
'This procedure executes Action Query SQL in the SQL Azure master database.
'Example usage: Call ExecuteMasterDBSQL(strSQL) or If ExecuteMasterDBSQL(strSQL) = False Then
'
Function ExecuteMasterDBSQL(strSQL As String) As Boolean
On Error GoTo ErrHandle
Dim db As DAO.Database
Dim qdf As DAO.QueryDef
ExecuteMasterDBSQL = False 'Default Value
Set db = CurrentDb
'Create a temporary unnamed Pass-through QueryDef. This is a
'practice recommended in the Microsoft Developer Reference.
'The order of each line of code must not be changed or the code will fail.
Set qdf = db.CreateQueryDef("")
'Use a function to get the SQL Azure Connection string to the master database
qdf.Connect = obfuscatedFunctionName
'Set the QueryDef's SQL as the strSQL passed in to the procedure
qdf.SQL = strSQL
'ReturnsRecords must be set to False if the SQL does not return records
qdf.ReturnsRecords = False
'Execute the Pass-through query
qdf.Execute dbFailOnError
'If no errors were raised the query was successfully executed
ExecuteMasterDBSQL = True
ExitHere:
'Cleanup for security and to release memory
On Error Resume Next
Set qdf = Nothing
Set db = Nothing
Exit Function
ErrHandle:
MsgBox "Error " & Err.Number & vbCrLf & Err.Description _
& vbCrLf & "In procedure ExecuteMasterDBSQL"
Resume ExitHere
End Function
6) Use a Form to Enter the Login Name and Password
We can make it easy for users to create a Login by using a form. To do this we need to add two text boxes and a command button to the form. Both text boxes need to be unbound. Name the text box for the Login Name txtLoginName. Name the text box for the Password txtPassword. Name the command button cmdCreateLogin. The form should look something like this, but without the extra touches for appearance sake.
